發佈日期：2012/01/19 am08:53:51

內容：
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review recent data on the effects of smoking on ocular health. RECENT FINDINGS: Smoking has been associated with a myriad of negative ocular health effects including age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and cataract. Most recently, several papers have demonstrated a connection between smoking and ocular inflammation. Smokers are both more likely to develop ocular inflammation and to have more severe disease as manifested by poorer presenting vision and a higher risk of recurrent disease compared to nonsmokers. Smoking has also been shown to enhance the effect of genetic susceptibility with regards to the presence and development of ARMD. Finally, the negative effects of smoking on ocular disease have been increasingly documented in nonwhite populations outside of the USA. However, despite the abundance of data, public awareness on the adverse consequences of smoking on vision is lacking in the USA. In contrast,
Australia improved public knowledge by launching a successful antitobacco health campaign highlighting the effects of smoking on ocular health.
SUMMARY: These findings suggest that eye care professionals should discuss and offer options for smoking cessation as part of the management of patients with ocular diseases, especially in those with ocular inflammation, ARMD, lens opacities/cataract, and thyroid-associated orbitopathy. Health campaigns using existing medical data can improve public awareness on the connection between
tobacco and visual impairment.

中文簡要概述：
吸煙一直伴隨著無數的負面對健康的影響，包括年齡相關性黃斑變性（ARMD）和白內障。最近，多篇論文已經證明了吸煙和眼部癌症之間視有關連的，吸煙者比起不吸煙者更容易患上眼部病症及更嚴重的疾病，且復發性疾病的風險較高，抽煙也顯示提高關於ARMD基因感受性的出现和發展。最後，吸煙對眼病的負面影響已越來越多地記錄在美國以外的非白人人口。然而，儘管有大量的數據，吸煙對視力不良後果的公眾意識在美國仍然缺乏。相比之下，澳大利亞為了改善公共知識推動antitobacco衛生運動，強調吸煙對眼部健康的影響。這些結果表明，眼睛護理專業人士應討論並為眼部疾病患者的管理提供戒菸的選項，尤其是在那些與眼部炎症，ARMD的，晶狀體混濁/白內障，甲狀腺相關眼眶。使用現有的醫療數據的健康運動，可以提高對煙草和視力損害之間的連接公眾意識。